b(e)u-2, bh(e)ū̆-

    b(e)u-2, bh(e)ū̆-

    English meaning: to swell, puff

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “aufblasen, schwellen”

    Note: Explosive sound of the inflated cheek, like pu-, phu see d .; running beside primeval creation crosses the sound-lawful development, so that e.g. Gmc. forms with pu- from IE bu-, but from unpostponed IE or new pu- are explainable. From the concept of the inflated cheek the meaning “ swell, plump bloated (then convex) of the most different kind “, also “ make bulge, stuff, darn “ and “ blow, cough under likewise “. Originally differently the onomatopoetic words b(e)u-1 for vague onomatopoetic sounds and bu- “ lip, kiss “.

    Material: Gk. βῦ ἐπὶ τοῦ μεγάλου ἐλέγετο καὶ ΢ώφρων βύβα, ἀντὶ τοῦ μεστὰ καὶ πλήρη καὶ μεγάλα ΕΜ; presumably here also βουνός “ hill “ (dialect), βουνιάς “ a turnip kind “, βουvίζω “ piles up “, βούνιον “ any plant of the Umbelliferae family “; redupl. βουβών “ the groin, glands near the genitals, part. in morbidly swollen state “; Mod.Ice. pūa “ blow, breathe “. Reduplicates as βύβα, βουβών also Lith. bubsù, bubse ́ti “ throw up bubbles “ (from water or fermenting dough), M.L.G. bubbeln “ throw up bubbles, surge “, Swe. bobba “ bombast, grandiloquence, fin, insect “, bubba “ louse “ and “ Trollius europaeus “ under likewise (with IE bh or with consonant shift prevented by new creation of b), O.N. bȳfa (*bhūbhiōn-) “ big, lumpy foot “, Nor.dial. būve , būva “ thicker, uncouth, clumsy person, scarecrow, also a word for male member “. With certain bh-: O.Ind. bhū́ -ri-ḥ “ rich, a lot, immense “, compounds bhū́ yas-, bhávīyas-, superl. bhū́ yišṭ ha-ḥ, Av. būiri- “ plentiful, full, complete “, compounds-adv. baiyō “ (more, timewise =) longer, on longer than “, superl. bōištǝm “ most, greatest number of things, very much, most possible “; Arm. bavel, bovel “ suffice “; Lith. būrỹ s “ heap (houses), amount (sheep, birds, also rain)”, Ltv. bũra “ heap (people)”; without r-suffix: O.C.S. bujь (*bhou̯i̯o-) “ wild, cruel, brainless “, Russ. bújnyj “ growing vehemently, wildly, excessively “; from here N.Ger. bö, böje, Dutch bui “ gust, gust of wind, shower “?; maybe Alb. bujë “fuss” Gk. φόα ἐξανθήματα ἐν τῶ σώματι Hes.; with lengthened grade *bhōu- Gk.-Ion. φωΐδες, Att. φῶδες “ blisters “; Gk. φαῖσιγξ, φαῦστιγξ “ blister, bubble “ (with abl. ǝu besides ōu). Also the root bheu- “ become, originate “ is probably developed from “ swell “, compare the meaning of O.Ind. prábhūta-ḥ “ rich, numerous “ (: bhávati) with that of bhū́ ri-ḥ. extensions with l are perhaps: O.Ind. buri-ḥ, buli-ḥ (unbel.) “ buttock, vulva “ = Lith. bulìs (also bùlė, bule ̃) “ buttocks “, Gk. βυλλά βεβυσμένα Hes., M.L.G. poll “ head, point, treetop “ (*bulno-), M.L.G. pull, poll “(bloated) shell, pod “, Eng. pulse “ legume “; changing through ablaut M.L.G. puyl “ bag “, puyla ‘swelling, lump, growth”; with bh-: Goth. ufbauljan, only in participle ufbaulidai “ (*inflated), conceited, haughty “, O.H.G. paula f. “ a pimple, bubble “, O.E. bȳle, O.H.G. pūlla , M.H.G. biule ‘swelling, blister”, O.N. beyla “ hump, outgrowth “, O.S. bolin, bulin “ swollen “; O.Ir. bolach ‘swelling, blister” (*bhulük-, at most bhol- to bhel- “to swell”); Arm. boil, gen. pl. bulic̣ “ crowd, amount, herd “, Serb. búljiti “ open the eyes wide in a stare, to goggle “. Dental extensions: Gk. βύτανα κόνδυλοι, ὁι δε βρύτανα Hes. (but βυτίνη λάγυνος ἤ ἀμίς. Tαραντινοῖ Hes., origin Gmc.-rom. kinship of Ger. Bũtte, Lat. buttis “ barrel, cask, keg, cask”, corresponds Gk. πῡτίνη “ demijohn, wickerbottle, carboy “, see pū̆ - “ inflate, bloat “); here probably Pol. buta “ pride “, bucić się “ brag, boast “. O.Ind. budbuda-ḥ “ blister, bubble “, Gk. βυζόν πυκνόν, συνετόν, γαῦρον δε καὶ μέγα Hes. (*budi̯o-, perhaps “ distended, bloats “? Yet see under βύζην S. 101); Nor. pūte “ pillow, cushion “, pūta “ bulky woman “, Swe. puta “ be inflated “, puta “pillow, cushion” (dial. “ female pudenda “; with the same application perhaps Gk. βύττος γυναικὸς αἰδοῖον Hes.), Eng. to pout “ push the lips forward, usu. as an expression of displeasure, sullenness, or flirtatiousness; show displeasure, sulk “ (“*to swell”), pout “ a young domestic fowl, a chicken, a young turkey, pheasant, pigeon, guinea-fowl “, O.E. æle-pūte ds. (capitō, actually “ big-head “), Dutch puit “ frog “; with Gmc. -d- (-Þ-): N.Ger. puddig “ swollen “, O.E. puduc ‘swelling, lump, growth, wart “, M.Eng. N.Ger. podde “ toad “ with not yet cleared meaning development O.E. pudd “ water ditch “, M.Eng. podel,Eng. puddle, Ger. dial. Pfudel “ a small pool of muddy water, esp. one formed on a road or path after rain “, as also (with Gmc. t) Nor. dial. pøyta, Westf. pōt (*pauta) “ slop, puddle, pool “; as a convex curvature in addition perhaps O.E.pott, O.Fris. M.L.G. pot “ pot, pan “ (different Kluge11 under Pott); compare Arm. poytn, gen. putan “ pot, soup pot, jug “ from *beud-n- or *boud-n-. With Gmc. b-: O.H.G. būtil, M.H.G. biutel ‘sac, bag, pocket”; Ice. budda ‘sac, bag, purse”, O.E. budda “ dung beetle “, M.Eng. budde “ bud “ and “ beetle, chafer “, budden “ redound “ (“*to swell”), Eng. bud “bud”, to bud “redound”, M.L.G. buddich “ thickly inflated “, Mod.N.Ger. budde “ louse, cock chafer grub; fright picture “; M.L.G. buddelen, bod(d)elen “ throw bubbles, foam “, Nor. dial. boda “ roar, bubble, from the water “; O.N. bođi “ breaker, surge, breakers, surf “; M.H.G. butte, Ger. Hagebutte; besides with Gmc. -tt-: M.L.G. botte, Dutch bot “bud”, M.H.G. butze “ lump, mucus; goblin, fright figure “, Ger. Butze(n), Butz “ fright figure; lumps, mucus, crowd; cores “, etc, N.Ger. butt “ clumsy, dull, coarse “, M.H.G. butzen “to swell”; besides with -t- after long vowel or diphthong M.H.G. buzen “ swell, jut out, bulge (from the belly, the eyes) “, O.H.G. bōzo “ a bundle of flax “, M.H.G. bōze “ ds.; ridiculous person, knave, boy “; perhaps Lith. budėle ̃ “ a kind of mushroom “, Slav. *bъdъla in Cz. bedla “ a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrella-like cap with gills on the underside “, bedly pl. “ oral fungi, funguettes in oral or nasal cavity “; from Arm. here besides poytn (see above) also ptuɫ, gen. ptɫoy “ fruit “ and ptuk, gen. ptkan “ green branch, young shoot “ and “ brost, nipple, teat “. O.Ir. buiden “troop, multitude, crowd”, Welsh byddin, O.Bret. bodin ds. has root-like u and belongs likewise here. Labial extension: O.E. pyffan “blow out, puff out”, Eng. puff “ puff, blow, be inflated “, Nor. puffa, N.Ger. puffen. Guttural extensions: Lat. bucca “ the cheek, esp. when puffed out. Transf., a declaimer, bawler; a parasite; a mouthful “; M.H.G. pfūchen , Ger. (p)fauchen (can contain unpostponed IE p, compare Lith. pũkšti “ pant, gasp, wheeze “); Swe. puk “ swelling, lump, growth, tubers “, O.N. poki m. ‘sac, bag, sack, bag”, Eng. poke ds., Ger. dial. Pfoch ‘sac, bag”, O.E. pohha, pocca ‘sack, bag, sac, bag”, Eng. pocket “pocket”, M.N.Ger. Mod.N.Ger. pogge, pugge “frog, toad; swelling, lump, growth in the abdomen with cows and mares “, O.E. pocc “blister”, Ger. (actually N.Ger.) Pocke, dial. Pfoche “blister”; O.N. pūki m. “ devil “, O.E. pūca, pūcel, Eng. puck “ fairy demon, ghost “ (from Gmc. derived Ir. pūca “ ghost “, perhaps also Ltv. pūk”is “dragon”); zero grade N.Ger. pōk “ subnormal person in growth “, Nor. dial. pauk “ small, weak person, knave, boy “ (about Goth. puggs ‘sac, bag, purse”, O.N. pungr, O.E. pung ds. and scaz-(p)fung “purse” s. though Feist 385). With Gmc. b: M.Eng. nEng. big (*bugja-) “thick, big, large, conceited “; Nor. dial. bugge “ mighty man “, M.Eng. bugge (Eng. bug) “ a lump of (semi-)dried nasal mucus, booger; chafer, bedbug; bugbear, spectre, bogeyman “, Ger. dial. bogg(e) “ booger, the core in fruit or the carpels of an apple or a pear, bugbear, spectre, bogeyman “. Here presumably Gmc. *buh- (IE *bhuk-) in O.H.G. buhil “ foreland, hill “, O.Ice. bōla f. ‘swelling, blister, shield boss “ (*buhlōn-) and *bū̆ k- (IE *bhū̆ g-) in Swiss Bũcki “ keg “, Eng. buck “ bucket, pale “ and O.Ice. būkr “ belly, body “; O.E. būc “belly, crock, pitcher”, O.H.G. būh, Ger. Bauch, in addition Ltv. bugarains “ tubercular “, buga “ hornless cow “, budzis ‘swelling, blister, unripe Fruit “; but Lith. baũžas “hornless”, bužỹš “ scarecrow, bogie, spectre “, būžỹ s “bedbug, louse”, búože “ club, mace, joint, pinhead “ (úo probably from ōu, compare above S. 99 φωΐδες) can contain Balt ž as single-linguistic forms and are based on the unextended root. s-extension: Gk. βῡνέω > (*βῡνέσω, to υ: s. Schwyzer Gk. I 692), βύω (*βυσω), βεβυσμένος, βυστός “ to cram, fill, chock, stuff, ram up “, βύστρα, βύσμα “ bung, clot, thrombus “, βύζην (βυσ-δην) “ crushed, thrusted, thronged, full “; Alb. mbush “ fill “; M.Ir. būas “ sac, bag, pocket, belly” (*bhousto-, compare O.Ice. beysti “ ham “),

    Note: Alb. mbush “ fill “ [common Alb. shift b > mb] O.N. pūss “pocket, sac, bag”, Ice. pose, O.E. pusa, posa, O.H.G. pfoso ‘sac, bag”; with the more originary meaning “ blow, inflate, bloat, to swell”, O.S. pȳsa “ pant, sniff, snort “, M.H.G. pfūsen “pant, sniff, snort, sneeze “, sich pfūsen “ self inflating, inflated “, Ger. dial. pfausen, O.E. pos “ catarrh, waterfall “, Eng. pose “ a cold in the head, catarrh “, M.N.Ger. pūsten “pant, sniff, snort”, pūster “ bellows “, Ger. pusten (actually N.Ger.) dial. pfausten, O.N. pūstr “ slap in the face, box on the ear “ (as Fr. soufflet to souffler); Nor. pūs ‘swelling, lump, growth”, peysa, pūsna “ to bloat, bulge, swell “, Swiss pfūsig ‘swollen”, Ger. Pfausback, with N.Ger. anlaut Pausback (besides Bausback with Gmc. b-, see under); Nor. dial. pusling “ toddler, fairy demon, ghost, goblin “, Swiss Pfosi “toddler, clumsy, stupid person “ (‘short and thick”); Nor. pūs, pøysa “ mud puddle “, O.N. pyss ds. (in place names). With Gmc. b (= IE bh, partly perhaps unpostponed or the new b): O.E. bōsom (Gmc.*būs-mo(n)-), O.H.G. buosam, M.H.G. buosem, buosen, Ger. Busen, M.H.G. būs “ vanity, arrogance, pomposity, flatulence, bloatedness, inflatedness, bumptiousness, conceitedness, vaingloriousness, swelling fullness “, būsen “ indulge oneself “, Ger. bausen “ to booze, bouse, quaff, tipple, carouse, swell”, Baus “ abundance, tumor, inflation “, Bausback, Bausch “ swelling, turgescent, bulgy cushion, stuffed brost “, M.H.G. būsch “ bulge; bead; lip; torus; wreath; roll; bulb, wad, plumper “, O.N. busilkinna “ woman ( with chubby cheeks), a chubby-cheeked woman “, Nor. baus “ proud, rollicking, wanton, violent, quick-tempered “, O.H.G. bōsi “ stonyhearted, bad “, Ger. böse, M.Eng. bōsten, nEng. to boast “ brag, boast “ (“*blow up “), Ger. beysinn “ thick, wide and large (from clothes)”, būstinn ds., O.Ice. beysti “ham”, Ger. dial. Baust “ bulge; bead; lip; torus; wreath; roll; bulb “, bauste(r)n “to swell”, O.H.G. biost, Ger. Biest-milch (actually “ fat milk “), O.E. bēost, bȳsting, Eng. beastngs, biestings ds., Nor. dial. budda (*buzdōn-) ds. (insecure is, whether Swe. dial. buska “ fresh, fermenting beer “ and associated with it as *beuza- is to be added O.H.G. bior, O.E. bēor “ beer “ as “ frothing at the mouth, foaming, bubble-throwing, blistering “; about other interpretations of beer see Kluge11 and Weigand- Hirt). Russ. búchnutь “to bloat, bulge, swell, gush, well up”, sloven, bûhnem, búhniti “to bloat, bulge, swell, sich inflate, bloat”, búhor “ vesicle, blister “, kasch. bucha “ pride, hauteur “ (*bauṣü). There is used probably the following group which meaning “ blasting forth, sallying forth “ from ‘swell” can be developed: O.Ice. bysia “ stream out with big power “; Nor. dial. bøysa “ storm forth “; Swe. busa “ dismay, hurtle out “; E.Fris. būsen “ be violent, roar, make a noise, attack “ (and “ live the high life, high on the hog / or high off the hog, have a luxurious lifestyle “, compare above M.H.G. būsen “indulge oneself”), būsterig “ stormy “, O.C.S. bystrъ “ board up; strand; take away; bring; mishit; wallop; thrash “, Russ. būstryj “ fast, sharp sighted, rapid from the current “ (*bhūs-ro-).

    References: WP. II 114 f., Trautmann 28, 39.